Expression of genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis in colored potato cultivars during tuber development
Barua, Sreeman (2018-09-24)
Expression of genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis in colored potato cultivars during tuber development
Barua, Sreeman
(24.09.2018)
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Turun yliopisto
Tiivistelmä
Numerous studies depict many health benefits of anthocyanins. Potato being the staple food across the globe could be a regular, ideal source of anthocyanins with its coloured cultivars. In this respect, it is crucial to understand the genetic status of potato on anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway (ABP) for its future development.
Three commercial cultivars: a blue-fleshed blue-skinned ‘Blue Congo’, a yellow-fleshed red-skinned ‘Rosamunda’, and a yellow-fleshed and yellow-skinned ‘Van Gogh’ were examined along with an experimental blue-fleshed blue-skinned cultivar of Finnish origin ‘Synkeä Sakari’ for their expression of ABP genes.
Potatoes were planted in two temperature and day time variant commercial fields for two consecutive years to see the effect of temperature and yearly variation in genetic expression. From 60 days after planting (DAP), tubers were collected every ten days till 120 DAP. Total RNA was extracted, cDNA synthesized with reverse transcription and amplified for relative expression with PCR. The data were analysed with the statistical procedure PCA.
Presently, many genes of ABP are known to be bi-functional. In this experiment, all the four potato cultivars were found to possess, and even if nominally, express all the ABP genes; on the contrary, no anthocyanins could be detected from Van Gogh, and in Blue Congo and Rosamunda anthocyanins were detected only from a partial branch of ABP. These phenomena rather indicate the presence of strict substrate specificity, one or more downstream ABP enzymes not working on ABP intermediary substrates. It also portrays the ABP to be an accessory pathway in plant secondary metabolism in potatoes. The disproportional expression of DFR gene against the high amount of anthocyanins produced in Blue Congo, which again failed to show sensitivity to temperature variation, strongly suggest the presence of homologous DFR gene(s) unlike in the other two coloured cultivars. No sharp decline in expressions of key ABP genes were observed in examined cultivars during tuber development.
Finally, a possible chemical activation in situ, or a profuse vascular transport is suggested for light-activated bilins from leaves to the dark regions of plants, which is necessary for the functionality of transcription factors involved in ABP gene expression.
Three commercial cultivars: a blue-fleshed blue-skinned ‘Blue Congo’, a yellow-fleshed red-skinned ‘Rosamunda’, and a yellow-fleshed and yellow-skinned ‘Van Gogh’ were examined along with an experimental blue-fleshed blue-skinned cultivar of Finnish origin ‘Synkeä Sakari’ for their expression of ABP genes.
Potatoes were planted in two temperature and day time variant commercial fields for two consecutive years to see the effect of temperature and yearly variation in genetic expression. From 60 days after planting (DAP), tubers were collected every ten days till 120 DAP. Total RNA was extracted, cDNA synthesized with reverse transcription and amplified for relative expression with PCR. The data were analysed with the statistical procedure PCA.
Presently, many genes of ABP are known to be bi-functional. In this experiment, all the four potato cultivars were found to possess, and even if nominally, express all the ABP genes; on the contrary, no anthocyanins could be detected from Van Gogh, and in Blue Congo and Rosamunda anthocyanins were detected only from a partial branch of ABP. These phenomena rather indicate the presence of strict substrate specificity, one or more downstream ABP enzymes not working on ABP intermediary substrates. It also portrays the ABP to be an accessory pathway in plant secondary metabolism in potatoes. The disproportional expression of DFR gene against the high amount of anthocyanins produced in Blue Congo, which again failed to show sensitivity to temperature variation, strongly suggest the presence of homologous DFR gene(s) unlike in the other two coloured cultivars. No sharp decline in expressions of key ABP genes were observed in examined cultivars during tuber development.
Finally, a possible chemical activation in situ, or a profuse vascular transport is suggested for light-activated bilins from leaves to the dark regions of plants, which is necessary for the functionality of transcription factors involved in ABP gene expression.